Features of Struts Framework

 

Struts Features : ✔️ Configurable MVC components ✔️ POJO based actions ✔️ AJAX support ✔️ Integration support ✔️ Various Result Types ✔️ Various Tag support ✔️ Theme and Template support Follow me @ ✍️ https://raviroza.wordpress.com/ ✍️ https://www.facebook.com/ravi.oza.it ✍️ https://twitter.com/raviozaIT 📹 https://www.youtube.com/user/ravioza101 #RaviROza #StrutsFramework #AdvanceJava #Jdk #Java #Gujarati

Introduction to Struts Framework

 

Intro to Struts Framework ✔️ Apache Struts is a free, open-source, MVC framework for creating elegant, modern Java web applications. ✔️ It favors convention over configuration, is extensible using a plugin architecture, and ships with plugins to support REST, AJAX and JSON. The framework provides three key components: ✔️ A “request” handler provided by the application developer that is mapped to a standard URI. ✔️ A “response” handler that transfers control to another resource which completes the response. ✔️ A tag library that helps developers create interactive form-based applications with server pages. Follow me @ ✍️ https://raviroza.wordpress.com/ ✍️ https://www.facebook.com/ravi.oza.it ✍️ https://twitter.com/raviozaIT 📹 https://www.youtube.com/user/ravioza101 #RaviROza #StrutsFramework #AdvanceJava #Jdk #Java #Gujarati

Aspect Oriented Programming (AOP) and Application Context in Spring Framework

 Aspect Oriented Programming (AOP)

✔️ AOP complements OOP by providing another way of thinking about program structure. 

✔️ The key unit of modularity in OOP is the class.

✔️ In AOP the unit of modularity is the aspect (piece/portion/module)

✔️ Aspects enable the modularization of concerns such as transaction management that cut across multiple types and objects, such concerns are often termed crosscutting concerns in AOP

✔️ Breaking down program logic into distinct parts called so-called concerns in AOP.

✔️ The functions that span multiple points of an app are called cross-cutting concerns.

✔️ These cross-cutting concerns are conceptually separate from the application's business logic.

✔️ There are various common good examples of aspects like logging, auditing, declarative transactions, security, and caching etc.

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Modules of Spring Framework and Inversion of Control (IoC)

Dependency Injection  (IoC)

✔️ Objects can be added and tested independently of other objects.

✔️ Because they don't depend on anything other than what you pass them. 

✔️ To test an object you have to create an environment where all of its dependencies exist and are reachable before you can test it.

✔️ With DI, it's possible to test the object in isolation passing it mock objects for the ones you don't want or need to create. 

✔️ Likewise, adding a class to a project is facilitated because the class is self-contained.

✔️ DI frameworks are often driven by XML files that help specify what to pass to whom and when.

✔️ IoC describes that a dependency injection needs to be done by an external entity instead of creating the dependencies by component itself. 

✔️ Dependency injection is a process of injecting (pushing) the dependencies into an object

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Tight Coupling and Loose Coupling in Spring Framework

Tight coupling

✔️ In general, Tight coupling means the two classes often change together. ✔️ In other words, if A knows more than it should about the way in which B was implemented, then A and B are tightly coupled. Loose coupling : ✔️ In simple words, loose coupling means they are mostly independent. If the only knowledge that class A has about class B, is what class B has exposed through its interface, then class A and class B are said to be loosely coupled. ✔️ In order to over come from the problems of tight coupling between objects, spring framework uses dependency injection mechanism with the help of POJO/POJI model and through dependency injection its possible to achieve loose coupling.

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Architecture of Spring Framework

 

Advantages ✔️ Predefined Templates ✔️ Loose Coupling ✔️ Easy to test ✔️ Lightweight ✔️ Fast Development ✔️ Powerful abstraction Architecture of Spring Framework and Spring modules group ✔️ Test ✔️ Core Container ✔️ AOP, Aspects, Instrumentation ✔️ Data Access / Integration ✔️ Web (MVC / Remote)

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Introduction to Spring Framework

 ✔️ First version of Spring was written by Rod Johnson, released on February 2003.

✔️ It has become popular in the Java community as an addition to, or even ✔️ replacement for the Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB) model. ✔️ Spring is a lightweight framework. ✔️ It can be thought of as a framework of frameworks because it provides support to various frameworks such as Struts, Hibernate, Tapestry, EJB, JSF etc. ✔️ In broader sense, it can be defined as a structure where we find solution of the various technical problems. Follow me @
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Inheritance in Hibernate

 We can map the inheritance hierarchy classes with the table of the database.

There are three inheritance mapping strategies defined in the hibernate: ✔️ Table Per Class Hierarchy ➖ Single table is required to map the whole hierarchy, an extra column (discriminator column) is added to identify the class ➖ But, nullable values are stored in the table ✔️ Table Per Subclass Hierarchy ➖ Tables are created as per class but related by foreign key. ➖ So there are no duplicate columns. ✔️ Table Per Concrete class Hierarchy ➖ Tables are created as per class. ➖ But duplicate column is added in subclass tables. Hibernate Inheritance with Annotation ✔️ Inheritance annotation ✔️ Defines the inheritance strategy to be used for an entity class hierarchy. It is specified on the entity class that is the root of the entity class hierarchy. Hibernate Sessions Factory ✔️ SessionFactory is an interface. ✔️ SessionFactory can be created by providing Configuration object, which will contain all DB related property details pulled from either hibernate.cfg.xml file or hibernate.properties file. ✔️ SessionFactory is a factory for Session objects. Hibernate Sessions ✔️ Unlike SessionFactory, the Session object will be created on demand. ✔️ Session provides a physical connectivity between application and DB. ✔️ It will be established each time an application wants do something with DB. ✔️ All the persistent objects will be saved and retrieved through Session object. ✔️ The session object must be destroyed after using it. ✔️ Session object will be provided by SessionFactory object. Hibernate Sessions states (life cycle states of an object) ✔️ Transient : A new instance of a persistent class which is not associated with a Session and has no representation in the database and no identifier value is considered transient by Hibernate. ✔️ Persistent : A transient instance is made persistent by associating it with a Session. | A persistent instance has a representation in the database, an identifier value and is associated with a Session. ✔️ Detached : When the Hibernate Session is closed, the persistent instance will become a detached instance.

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Core Components of Hibernate framework

Core Components of Hibernate

✔️ Connection Management ✔️ Transaction management ✔️ Object relational mapping Hibernate Configuration file: ✔️ Hibernate requires some the mapping information that defines the Java classes that relates to the database tables. ✔️ A set of configuration settings related to database and other related parameters are required and stored in a standard Java properties file called hibernate.properties, or as an XML file named hibernate.cfg.xml. Hibernate Mapping file: ✔️ Mapping and Configuration always co-exist in hibernate as every hibernate program need these two xml files. ✔️ It is the core part of hibernate. ✔️ ORM tool requires mapping which puts an object’s properties into the columns of a table. ✔️ Though, Mapping can be done in the form of an XML or in the form of the annotations

Annotation

✔️ The hibernate application can be created with annotation. 

✔️ There are many annotations that can be used to create hibernate application such as @Entity, @Id, @Table etc. The core advantage of using hibernate annotation is that you don't need to create mapping (hbm) file. 

✔️ Mapping file instructs Hibernate how to map the defined class or classes to the database tables.

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Architecture of Hibernate Framework

 

Hibernate framework Architecture:
It includes many objects such as
✔️ persistent object
✔️ session factory,
✔️ transaction factory,
✔️ connection factory,
✔️ session,
✔️ transaction etc.

The Hibernate architecture is categorized in four layers
✔️Java application layer
✔️Hibernate framework layer
✔️Backend API layer
✔️Database layer

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Advantages and Disadvantages of Hibernate framework

 Advantages

✔️ Open Source and Lightweight
✔️ Fast Performance
✔️ Database Independent Query
✔️ Automatic Table Creation
✔️ Simplifies Complex Join
✔️ Provides Query Statistics and Database Status

Disadvantages
✔️ It can’t be learnt easily.
✔️ The debugging due to xml files and performance tuning becomes difficult at times.
✔️ Hibernate is a bit slower than pure JDBC as it is generating lots of SQL ✔️ statements in runtime.
✔️ It advisable to use pure JDBC for batch processing.

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Need of Hibernate Framework

✔️ Developers use JDBC for communicating with the DB and the java app.
✔️ JDBC programming needs to create SQL statement, execute the statement and then process the results, Also the runtime exceptions are needed to be handled.
✔️ To effectively solve above issue, ORM tool was developed.
✔️ The ORM tool generates the SQL statements, executes the SQL statement and finally processes the result.
✔️ It also handles the exceptions occurred in the program.

Features of Hibernate
✔️ Object/Relational Mapping
✔️ JPA Provider
✔️ Idiomatic (Natural) persistence
✔️ High Performance
✔️ Scalability
✔️ Reliable
✔️ Extensibility

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Introduction to Hibernate Framework

 ➡️ Hibernate is the ORM tool to transfer the data between a java (object) app and a database (Relational) in the form of the objects.  

➡️ It is an open source, light weight tool given by Gavin King.
➡️ It is a non-invasive (don’t force) framework, it doesn’t force the developers to extend/implement any class/interface, there are only POJO classes so its light weight.
➡️ It can run with-in or with-out server, it will suitable for all types of java apps (desktop or servers)
➡️ It is purely for persistence (to store/retrieve data from DB).

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EJB Types

 EJB types

➡️ Session Bean : Session bean represents a single client inside the App Server.
➡️ Entity Bean : Entity bean represents a business object in a persistent storage mechanism.
➡️ Message Driven Bean : A message-driven bean is an enterprise bean that allows J2EE applications to process messages asynchronously.

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Usage of EJB

 

When to Use Enterprise Java Beans

➡️ To Simplify development of large scale enterprise level app.
➡️ To focus only on business logic of the app.
➡️ When the app is distributed : When the resources and data are distributed across multiple sites, Choose EJB when application will need to support multiple, concurrent users.
➡️ When the app is performance-centric : use of EJBs and the application server provide high performance and very good scalability.
➡️ Manage transactions : When transaction management is required to ensure data integrity, EJBs may be used.
➡️ Manage security : Separation of Business Logic

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EJB Introduction

An Enterprise Java Bean is:

➡️ A reusable component
➡️ A Java object
➡️ An encapsulation of enterprise business logic and data
➡️ Executed in a Containers

What is EJB?
➡️ EJB is an architecture for setting up program components, that run in the server, to develop modular construction of enterprise app.
➡️ It is reusable in multiple apps.
➡️ It is built on the JavaBeans technology to distribute components. It encapsulates the business logic of a web app.
➡️ It provides an architecture to develop and deploy component based enterprise apps.

Summary of video:
➡️ Java Bean Vs Enterprise Java Bean
➡️ Difference between RMI and EJB
➡️ EJB Architecture
➡️ Benefits of EJB
➡️ Restriction on EJB
➡️ Disadvantages of Enterprise Java Beans

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JSP JDBC with CRUD operation

 JSP with Bean and Data access object (DAO). JSP is the normal jsp page which uses the bean to store employee information. The DAO file also know an Data Access Layer of our application, contains the code perform database operations such as add, change, delete etc.,

This video demonstrates the best usage of MVC architecture in Java.
➡️ The model here is the EmpBean which holds the employee information.
➡️ The index page is the View which is interface used by client to enter the input and get to view the output.
➡️ The controller here the file which accepts the request from client and sets to bean and bean finally manages the database operation.

CRUD - Create, Read, Update & Delete.

With reference to previous video 👉 https://youtu.be/63cIEAnz7Hc which consist of Add operation & Display operation.

In this video the same example has been extended to support Delete operation using display page. The link (url to delete page and ID of record to be deleted) has been generated in the display page for to delete record.

Once user click the Delete link , the control is transfer to delete.jsp page, where the the ID of the record to be deleted is fetch from request object and the same will be deleted from the emp table.

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OS : Windows 10
Jdk : Version 8
IDE : Eclipse Mars
Server : Apache Tomcat 7

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JSP JDBC with Bean and DAO

JSP with Bean and Data access object (DAO). JSP is the normal jsp page which uses the bean to store employee information. The DAO file also know an Data Access Layer of our application, contains the code perform database operations such as add, change, delete etc.,

This video demonstrates the best usage of MVC architecture in Java.
 The model here is the EmpBean which holds the employee information.
 The index page is the View which is interface used by client to enter the input and get to view the output.
 The controller here the file which accepts the request from client and sets to bean and bean finally manages the database operation.

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OS : Windows 10
Jdk : Version 8
IDE : Eclipse Mars
Server : Apache Tomcat 7

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Steps to Create DSN file & JDBC Connection to MS Access

1. Steps to Create DSN file in Windows 10

2. JDBC Connection to MS Access Database in Java 8

 - How to define Data Source Name (DSN) file in Windows 10 to connect with support database using ODBC driver.

- Connecting with MS Access database in Java 8 using third party database driver called UCanAccess.

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JDBC Callable Statement example

 Callable Statement to execute Stored Procedure in MySQL (Gujarati)

In this video, CallableStatment interface is used to execute stored procedure.

Methods such as execute(), executeUpdate() and executeQuery() is used to execute stored procedures.

In this example, there is also a demonstration on how to insert a record using stored procedure, as well as there is also a procedure that return the name of employee from given employee number. 

Software's used:

JDK for java library

MySql connector (Native Driver file)

Eclipse for compiling and running java code.

MySql Workbench to manage schema

Platform : Windows 10

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